The Tiếng Nga verb has 3 tenses và 2 aspects. Aspects describe different qualities of an action—it is either acting (the process of doing something—Imperfective) hoặc the result of an action (after someone has finished doing something—Perfective). Using the Imperfective/Perfective depends only on the intention of the speaker to emphasize different aspects of action in của anh ấy hoặc của cô ấy speech.
A PROCESS
Завтра я буду рисовать картину.
I will be drawing a picture tomorrow.
RESULT
Завтра я нарисую картину.
Tomorrow I’ll draw a picture.
It means
Я только хочу рисовать картину, необязательно я закончу её.
I am going to draw tomorrow, but there is no guarantee that I’ll finish của tôi picture that day.
Я обязательно закончу картину.
I will finish the picture tomorrow.
That’s why the Perfective can be used only in the Past hoặc Thì tương lai, since the result can be either reached in past, hoặc it will be reached in future. Russians use the Imperfective for the Thì hiện tại, since the present is in progress.
If you require emphasizing in của bạn speech a necessity of fulfillment hoặc a desire to finish an action và achieve a result—use the Perfective.
Ví dụ:
Я сделаю это к вечеру!
Мы напишем отчёт через неделю!
Они уже поговорили с клиентом
If you need to say that the process of doing something is necessary và important, then use the Imperfective!
Ví dụ:
Я буду заниматься спортом !
Он будет говорить с директором после обеда.
Они уже делали отчёт на прошлой неделе.
Imperfective
Perfective
The Perfective aspect of Tiếng Nga verbs is formed from the Imperfective by using different prefixes và suffixes.
Imperfective
Perfective
The Perfective can be used only in the Past hoặc Thì tương lai, since the result can be reached only in past, mộtnd there is still a chance that there will be a result in future. Also please note that verbs in the Perfective aspect in the Thì tương lai change persons as verbs in the Imperfective aspect in the Thì hiện tại.
Imperfective
Perfective
1. Thì quá khứ
Он смотрел, писал, работал, жил
Она смотрела, писала, работала, жила
Они смотрели, писали, работали,
Он посмотрел, написал, поработал, прожил
Она посмотрела, написала, поработала, прожила
Они посмотрели, написали,
2. Thì hiện tại
Я смотрю
Ты смотришь
Он/она смотрит
Мы смотрим
Вы смотрите
There is no perfective form
3. Thì tương lai